Union Cabinet approves India’s 2035 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) with 60% clean energy share and 47% emissions intensity cut

Key facts

• The Union Cabinet approved India’s 2035 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC) to be submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
• The NDC targets raising the share of non-fossil fuel sources to 60% of total electricity generation capacity by 2035.
• It aims to reduce the emissions intensity of India’s economy by 47% from 2005 levels by 2035.
• It seeks to increase India’s nature-based carbon sink to 3.5–4.0 billion tons by 2035.
• The Cabinet considered the first Global Stocktake (GST), the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDR-RC), and equity while finalising the targets.
• Non-fossil fuels already account for 52% of India’s electricity generation capacity and emissions intensity is 36% below 2005 levels.
• The NDC lists eight goals including climate-resilient infrastructure, clean economic development, Lifestyle for Environment (LiFE), green finance, and capacity building & innovation.
• The Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air and Carbon Brief reported India’s CO₂ emissions grew only 0.7% in 2025, the lowest in two decades.
• Clean energy subsidies have driven a fivefold rise in renewable energy capacity since 2014.
• The Central Electricity Authority has set a domestic target of 70% non-fossil fuel capacity by 2035.