India and Russia sign Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Agreement (RELOS) in February 2025

Key facts

• India and Russia signed the Indo-Russian Reciprocal Exchange of Logistics Agreement (RELOS) in February 2025.
• The RELOS pact came into force on January 12 and was ratified by Russia in December 2025.
• The agreement allows up to 3,000 troops, five warships, and ten aircraft to be simultaneously stationed in the partner country.
• The pact is valid for a period of five years and can be extended for another five years if both parties agree.
• The agreement provides reciprocal access to military facilities, including airbases and ports, granting India access to Russian naval and air bases in the Arctic.
• The scope of the pact includes joint military exercises, training, humanitarian missions, disaster relief operations, and coordinated missions.
• Logistics support for warships includes port access, repair services, and the supply of water, food, and technical resources.
• Support for military aircraft includes air traffic control, aeronautical data, processing of flight requests, use of military navigation systems, parking, and security.
• Aviation fuel, lubricants, special fluids, and restoration of malfunctioning equipment will be provided on a reimbursable basis.
• The agreement aims to enhance interoperability between the armed forces and boost defence cooperation in the Indo-Pacific and Arctic regions.