Tuesday, Dec 02

Daily Current Affairs: 2 December 2025

Daily current affairs for 2 December 2025 with exam-focused key facts, connected news context, and revision notes for UPSC, SSC, banking and government exams.

Editorial note for exam revision Last updated: 2 December 2025. This briefing is structured for current affairs revision, with key updates and related coverage links to help readers connect recurring topics across days.

Today at a glance

Top current affairs to revise

  1. India Places Entire Himalayan Arc in Newly Created Highest-Risk Zone VI on Revised Seismic Map
  2. Tenkasi District Forest Division (Tamil Nadu) Launches ‘Golden Jackal Ambassadors’ Scheme for Conservation
  3. National Mission for Mentoring (NMM): School teachers to be mentored by professors
  4. CBIC wins Gold Prize in Public Outreach & Communication Category at IITF 2025 in New Delhi
  5. Prem Kumar files nomination for Speaker of Bihar Assembly
  6. Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi inaugurates 36th Konark Festival and 15th International Sand Art Festival

India Places Entire Himalayan Arc in Newly Created Highest-Risk Zone VI on Revised Seismic Map

  • India has released a major update to its national seismic zonation map under the revised Earthquake Design Code.
  • The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) released the revised map based on probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) methods incorporating data on active faults, maximum potential magnitudes, ground-shaking behaviour, tectonic regimes and underlying lithology.
  • 61% of the country now falls under moderate to high hazard zones.
  • The entire Himalayan arc is placed in a newly created highest-risk Zone VI.
  • The updated design code requires secure anchoring of non-structural elements such as parapets, ceilings, tanks, façades and suspended fixtures if they account for more than 1% of a building’s weight.
  • Buildings near active faults must be designed to withstand severe pulse-like ground motions.
  • The code adds new norms covering liquefaction, soil flexibility and site-specific ground-response spectra.
  • Critical infrastructure including hospitals, schools, bridges, pipelines and major public buildings must remain functional after major earthquakes.

Similar / Past Coverage

Ladakh's Proposal to Redraw Karakoram and Changthang Sanctuary Boundaries (End of October)

A major proposal to redraw the boundaries and expanse of the strategic Changthang and Karakoram sanctuaries in Ladakh is set to come to the Centre for final clearance. It was proposed by the Ladakh State Wildlife Board…


Tenkasi District Forest Division (Tamil Nadu) Launches ‘Golden Jackal Ambassadors’ Scheme for Conservation

  • The population of golden jackal is rapidly dwindling due to indiscriminate construction activities being taken up in the areas closer to residential areas after removing the forests and shrubs.
  • The ‘Golden Jackal Ambassadors’ scheme targets schools and colleges to train students as ambassadors for conserving golden jackal.
  • Students badged as ‘Golden Jackal Ambassadors’ will disseminate messages on conserving golden jackal, rescuing and treating injured golden jackals and releasing them back in the forests.
  • Lack of awareness among the public on conserving small animals like golden jackal, mongoose, ant-eater, tortoise, snakes, monitor lizard etc. has led to the sharp fall in their population.
  • The ‘Friends of Elephants’ scheme has started yielding good results as villagers cooperate in alerting forest personnel about elephants entering ranches or hamlets.
  • Forest department cultivates native plants inside the forest preferred by elephants to create sufficient food.

Similar / Past Coverage

Assam-based foundation launches India’s first vulture conservation portal (Start of September)

Portal name and URL: The Vulture Network (http://www.thevulturenetwork.org) Developed by: We Foundation India in collaboration with Gauhati University’s Department of Zoology

Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary Welcomes Thousands of Migratory Birds (Start of November)

Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary is buzzing with life as thousands of migratory birds arrive, heralding the start of the season. Over 20 species, including open-billed storks and white ibis, have begun nesting.

On November 29, we celebrate International Jaguar Day. The jaguar *Panthera onca* is the largest feline in the Americas and the third largest in the world, behind only the tiger and the lion.

Vultures' Role in Pandemic Prevention and Proposed Conservation Strategy for India (Mid of September)

Vultures are nature’s most efficient waste managers, playing a vital role in keeping landscapes clean and preventing the spread of pathogens like anthrax, Clostridium botulinum, and rabies. India's vulture population has…


National Mission for Mentoring (NMM): School teachers to be mentored by professors

  • The University Grants Commission (UGC) has sent out a fresh advisory to Higher Education Institutions, asking them to identify and nominate experienced faculty members for the National Mission for Mentoring (NMM).
  • Professors and other eligible faculty with at least eight years of teaching experience may be onboarded as National Mentors.
  • National Mentors will conduct both individual and group mentoring sessions through the NMM portal managed by the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE).
  • The NMM aligns with NEP 2020’s plan to build a national mentoring system.
  • The Department of School Education and Literacy released “NMM: The Bluebook” on March 9, 2024.

Similar / Past Coverage

Centre releases framework to link Anganwadi centres with primary schools (Start of September)

Scheme Name: Guidelines for co-location of Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) with schools, jointly prepared by Ministry of Women and Child Development (MoWCD) and Department of School Education and Literacy (DoSEL) Objective: "to…

Model Youth Gram Sabha (MYGS) Initiative: Key Features and Launch Details (Start of November)

Initiative Name: Model Youth Gram Sabha (MYGS) – jointly by Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Ministry of Education, and Ministry of Tribal Affairs. Launch: Unveiled in New Delhi; rollout planned across "over one thousand…


CBIC wins Gold Prize in Public Outreach & Communication Category at IITF 2025 in New Delhi

  • GST & Customs Pavilion bagged the Gold Prize in the Public Outreach and Communication Category at IITF 2025.
  • Pavilion showcased at India International Trade Fair (IITF) 2025 in New Delhi from 14th-27th November 2025.
  • Built around the theme Next-Gen GST: सरल कर, खुशहाल राष्ट्र.
  • Eight helpdesks from GST, Customs, GSTN, ICEGATE and CPGRAMS provided instant support.
  • Educational videos and tutorials available in 10 regional languages plus Hindi and English.
  • Interactive digital exhibits showcased CBIC’s key reforms and achievements.
  • Engaging activities included magic shows, puppet shows, quizzes, caricature artists, VR games and selfie corners.
  • Dedicated sessions introduced students to career opportunities in CBIC.

Similar / Past Coverage

India's GST Collection Figures and Upcoming GST Council Meeting Details (Start of September)

India collected Rs 1.86 lakh crore as goods and services tax in August, 6.5% higher than the same period last year. For the previous month, India’s gross Goods and Services Tax (GST) collection stood at Rs 1.96 lakh…

Six New Initiatives Launched to Boost Logistics and Trade Competitiveness under Make in India (End of September)

Report on Assessment of Logistics Cost in India: prepared by NCAER for DPIIT, first comprehensive estimate puts India’s logistics cost at 7.97% of GDP using hybrid methodology (nation-wide surveys + secondary data).…

Piyush Goyal Launches Six Initiatives to Boost Logistics and Trade Competitiveness (End of September)

Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal launched six initiatives on the occasion of the decade-long celebrations of the Make in India initiative. Report on Assessment of Logistics Cost in India: Aims to strengthen…


Prem Kumar files nomination for Speaker of Bihar Assembly

  • Prem Kumar is a veteran BJP leader and one of few leaders in Bihar who started off during the JP Movement.
  • Prem Kumar is an eight-term MLA from Gaya Town.
  • Prem Kumar is the sole legislator to have filed the nomination for the post of Assembly Speaker in Bihar.
  • Prem Kumar is set for election to the post unopposed as the Mahagathbandhan shied away from fielding a candidate.
  • The NDA enjoys a brute majority in the 243-strong Bihar Assembly with 202 seats.
  • BJP has 89 MLAs as against JD(U)’s tally of 85 MLAs.
  • JD(U) had kept the post of the speaker with itself in the first three tenures.

Similar / Past Coverage

Gujarat Governor Acharya Devvrat given additional charge of Maharashtra (Mid of September)

Gujarat Governor Acharya Devvrat was given the additional charge of Maharashtra’s Governor. The move follows the former Governor of Maharashtra, C P Radhakrishnan, demitting office due to his election as the…

President Droupadi Murmu Addresses Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly (Start of November)

The President of India, Smt Droupadi Murmu, addressed the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly. The address was delivered at Dehradun, Uttarakhand.


Odisha Chief Minister Mohan Charan Majhi inaugurates 36th Konark Festival and 15th International Sand Art Festival

  • The twin festivals are organised by the tourism department in association with Odisha Sangeet Natak Akademi and Odisha Tourism Development Corporation (OTDC).
  • The five-day event celebrates India’s cultural heritage and artistic brilliance.
  • The inaugural evening at Konark showcased an Odissi performance by Sonali Mohapatra and artists of Nrutya Upasana Pitha, Bhubaneswar.
  • The recital opened with Odissi recitals on Hanuman Chalisa, composed by Sant Tulsidas, with music by Guru Abhiram Nanda and choreography by Mohapatra.
  • This was followed by ‘Saranga Pallavi’, a dance sequence exploring the beauty of Rag Saranga through intricate rhythm and melody, choreographed by Mohapatra with music by Nirmal Kumar Mahapatra.
  • The troupe concluded with Chari Yuga Devi, depicting the divine power of Maa Durga.

Similar / Past Coverage

Govardhan Puja 2025: Date, Time, and Significance (End of October)

Hindus celebrate Govardhan Puja on October 22, 2025. Another name for this festival is Annakut or Annakoot.

The International Blue Flag Certification for 2025-26 was awarded to beaches. The Denmark-based Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE), an international agency, awarded the Blue Flag certification.


Syria publishes first print issue of Al Thawra Al Souriya newspaper 5 years after Assad ban

  • Syria published the first print issue of the official Al Thawra Al Souriya newspaper for the first time in five years.
  • Al Thawra Al Souriya means 'the Syrian revolution' in Arabic.
  • Al Thawra Al Souriya will replace Al Thawra, an Assad-era state newspaper.
  • Former President Bashar al-Assad stopped printing dailies during the Covid-19 pandemic.
  • Assad was overthrown by Ahmed al-Sharaa, former al-Qaeda commander and current Syrian President, last December.

Similar / Past Coverage

Hezbollah has confirmed the death of its military commander Haytham Ali Tabatabai in an Israeli strike. The strike, which Lebanon's Ministry of Public Health says killed five people and wounded 28, targeted the Haret…

UN Security Council lifts terror-related sanctions on Syria’s transitional President Ahmed al-Sharaa and Interior Minister Anas Khattab (Start of November)

Resolution adopted removes Syria’s transitional President Ahmed al-Sharaa and Interior Minister Anas Khattab from UN sanctions targeting ISIL/Al-Qaida supporters US, UK and European Union had already lifted punitive…


Middle-Aged Woman Dies with Scrub Typhus Symptoms in Vizianagaram District in Andhra Pradesh

  • Scrub typhus is caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi and spreads through bites of infected larval mites.
  • Common symptoms include fever, body pain, rash, a scab-like lesion and swollen lymph nodes.
  • Most patients respond well to doxycycline, with azithromycin recommended for pregnant women.
  • Early treatment with antibiotics prevents complications affecting the lungs, liver, kidneys or central nervous system.
  • Health authorities advise avoiding overgrown vegetation, wearing protective clothing and using repellents to reduce mite bites.
  • Chittoor reported the highest number of infections this year at 384.

Similar / Past Coverage

Karnataka issues advisory for Sabarimala pilgrims amid rising cases of Amoebic meningoencephalitis. The state health department has advised the pilgrims travelling to Kerala to exercise caution during their travel.

Maharashtra Government Declares Leprosy a Notifiable Disease (Start of November)

The Maharashtra government has officially declared leprosy a “notifiable disease.” It is now mandatory for all doctors and healthcare institutions to report every diagnosed case of leprosy within two weeks to the…


Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Records India's Unemployment Rate Decline from 6.0% to 3.2%

  • Unemployment rate on usual status for persons aged 15 years and above declined from 6.0% in 2017-18 to 3.2% in 2023-24.
  • In Maharashtra, unemployment rate on usual status dropped from 4.8% in 2017-18 to 3.3% in 2023-24.
  • Maharashtra rural unemployment declined from 3.2% to 2.1%.
  • Maharashtra urban unemployment reduced from 7.4% to 5.2%.
  • Unemployment for 15-year-plus population stood at 5.1% in August 2025 and 5.2% in September 2025.
  • Rural unemployment was 4.3% in August 2025 and 4.6% in September 2025.
  • Urban unemployment was 6.7% in August 2025 and 6.8% in September 2025.
  • Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana targets creation of over 3.5 crore jobs over two years with Rs 99,446 crore outlay.
  • Code on Social Security, 2020 provides paid maternity leave of 26 weeks and mandatory crèche facility in establishments having 50 or more employees.

Similar / Past Coverage

India's Unemployment Rate Falls to 5.1% in August 2025: PLFS Data (Mid of September)

India's overall unemployment rate (persons of 15 years and above) declined to 5.1% in August 2025, down from 5.2% in July and 5.6% in June. Urban male unemployment fell from 6.6% in July to 5.9% in August, while rural…

India’s Unemployment Rate Falls to 5.1% in August 2025: PLFS Data (Mid of September)

India’s overall unemployment rate (persons of 15 years and above) declined to 5.1% in August 2025, down from 5.2% in July and 5.6% in June. Urban male unemployment dropped from 6.6% in July to 5.9% in August, while rural…


Georgia uses World War One-era camite chemical weapon on Tbilisi protesters

  • Camite was deployed by France against Germany during World War One.
  • Camite is bromobenzyl cyanide, listed as 'Chemical powder UN3439' mixed with 'Chemical liquid UN1710' trichloroethylene in Georgia's Special Tasks Department inventory.
  • Special Tasks Department is the official name of Georgia's riot police.
  • Camite believed taken out of circulation in the 1930s due to long-lasting effects and replaced by CS gas.
  • Under international law, police forces allowed to use chemicals for crowd control if proportionate with short-term effects.
  • UN Special Rapporteur on Torture Alice Edwards stated effects must be temporary and called for investigation under torture or ill-treatment.

Similar / Past Coverage

ICRC publishes Guidelines on the protection of the natural environment in armed conflict (2020) (Start of November)

Publication Name: Guidelines on the protection of the natural environment in armed conflict: rules and recommendations relating to the protection of the natural environment under international humanitarian law, with…

SCO-RATS Meeting in Kyrgyz Republic Condemns Pahalgam Terror Attack, India Calls for Punishing Sponsors (Mid of September)

The terror attack figured prominently at the 44th meeting of the RATS held at Cholpon Ata in Kyrgyz Republic. The Regional Anti-Terrorism Structure (RATS) of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation on Wednesday condemned…

India launches indigenous Chemical Reference Material to enhance anti-doping accuracy (Start of September)

Developed by: National Dope Testing Laboratory and National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati Product: Methandienone Long-Term Metabolite LTM Chemical Reference Material for Anti-Doping…


VMRDA Opens India’s Longest Cantilever Glass Skywalk Bridge at Kailasagiri in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh

  • The cantilever glass skywalk bridge is located at an elevation of around 862 feet (approximately 262 metres) above ground level.
  • The bridge has been engineered to withstand wind speeds of up to 250 km/h.
  • The structure is constructed using toughened, high-strength glass designed to remain intact even under significant impact.
  • Structurally capable of supporting more than 100 people at once, entry is restricted to 40 visitors at a time.

Similar / Past Coverage

Uttar Pradesh to unveil world’s 1st park crafted from ceramic waste (Start of September)

The state government has set up the world's first-ever park crafted entirely from ceramic waste. The park is named 'Anokhi Duniya'.

Integrated Sohra Tourism Circuit and DoNER Projects Launched in Meghalaya (Start of November)

The Integrated Sohra Tourism Circuit was launched under the Prime Minister’s Development Initiative for North Eastern Region (PM-DevINE) scheme. The circuit was conceptualised jointly by the Ministry of DoNER and the…


'Rage bait' named Oxford Word of the Year 2025

  • 'Rage bait' was named Oxford word of the year 2025 by Oxford University Press.
  • 'Rage bait' beat aura farming and biohack to win the title.
  • Rage bait is defined as online content deliberately designed to elicit anger or outrage by being frustrating, provocative, or offensive.
  • Aura farming is the cultivation of an impressive, attractive, or charismatic persona or public image.
  • Biohack is to attempt to improve one's physical or mental performance by altering one's diet, exercise routine, or lifestyle.
  • Previous Oxford words of the year include goblin mode, brain rot, selfie and rizz.
  • Brain rot was last year's word of the year.
  • Cambridge Dictionary declared parasocial its word of 2025.
  • Collins Dictionary went for vibe coding.

Similar / Past Coverage

Dictionary.com's 2025 Word of the Year: '67' (Start of November)

Dictionary.com announced it has chosen "67" as its 2025 Word of the Year. The term "67" is pronounced "six seven," not sixty-seven.


Birders Spot Rare Rustic Bunting in NCR for First Time

  • Rustic bunting (Emberiza rustica) spotted at Najafgarh Jheel on Delhi-Gurugram border.
  • First time the passerine bird recorded in national capital region (NCR).
  • Rustic bunting breeds across northern Palearctic regions in wet coniferous woodlands.
  • Migrates to southeast Asia and parts of East Asia including Japan, Korea, and eastern China during winter.
  • Handful of records across India predominantly in northeast and Himalayan belt.
  • 2025 IUCN Red List reclassifies rustic bunting from vulnerable to near threatened.

Similar / Past Coverage

Archaeologist Ravi Korisettar selected for Rajyotsava Award (Start of November)

Veteran archaeologist from Dharwad Ravindra Korisettar has been selected for the Rajyotsava Award. Prof. Korisettar is a UGC Emeritus Fellow in the Department of History and Archaeology in Karnatak University of Dharwad.

A juvenile albino checkered kneelback snake, a rare hypopigmentation anomaly, has been documented for the first time in Guwahati at the Assam State Zoo. This discovery adds the state to an exclusive list of regions that…

Uttar Pradesh to unveil world’s 1st park crafted from ceramic waste (Start of September)

The state government has set up the world's first-ever park crafted entirely from ceramic waste. The park is named 'Anokhi Duniya'.


Dr Tessy Thomas honoured with eighth Paulos Mar Gregorios Award

  • Dr Tessy Thomas held the position of Director General (Aeronautical Systems), Defence Research & Development Organisation (DRDO).
  • Dr Tessy Thomas was Vice-Chancellor of Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education.
  • Dr Tessy Thomas served as Project Director for the Agni-IV ballistic missile at DRDO.
  • The award recognises her outstanding contribution in women empowerment, space and missile technology.
  • Dr Tessy Thomas was mentored by former President and Director General, DRDO, APJ Abdul Kalam.

Similar / Past Coverage

PDUNASS Team receives two Bhavishya Nidhi Awards 2025 for capacity-building and RGDE initiative (Start of November)

Shri Kumar Rohit, Director, PDUNASS, jointly received the award for 'Best Achievement in Capacity Building' and 'Special Initiative – Reimagining Governance: Discourse for Excellence (RGDE)' Shri Uttam Prakash, RPFC-I…


Central Excise (Amendment) Bill 2025: Replaces GST compensation cess on tobacco products

  • Finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman is expected to introduce the Central Excise (Amendment) Bill, 2025, which proposes changes to the Central Excise Act, 1944.
  • The bill will replace the current GST compensation cess on cigarettes, chewing tobacco, cigars, hookahs, zarda and scented tobacco.
  • The Central Excise (Amendment) Bill, 2025, aims to give the government the fiscal space to increase the rate of central excise duty on tobacco and tobacco products so as to protect tax incidence after the GST compensation cess ends.
  • The Health Security se National Security Cess Bill, 2025, seeks to levy a new cess on machines or processes used in the manufacture of pan masala and other notified goods.
  • The Health Security se National Security Cess Bill, 2025, will replace the compensation cess on pan masala.
  • The proposed health–security cess is meant to augment the resources for meeting Security expenditure on national security and for public health.
  • The proposed health–security cess will apply in addition to all other taxes.
  • The GST compensation cess, introduced in 2017 for five years to offset states’ revenue loss, was extended till March 31, 2026, to repay the Centre’s Covid-era borrowing.

Similar / Past Coverage

GST 2.0 Reforms: Two-Slab Structure (5% & 18%) and Rate Cuts Effective 22 September 2025 (Start of September)

Policy Name: GST 2.0 reforms approved by the GST Council in its 56th meeting; new rates effective from 22 September 2025. Objective: "lower tax burden on common people with sweeping rate cuts and reduction in GST slabs…


Kuwait Launches First Geological Park to Showcase Rock Formations and Desert Landscapes

  • Kuwait has launched its first geological park as a public, educational and eco-tourism project designed to showcase the country’s rock formations, desert landscapes and natural heritage while supporting research, schools and sustainable tourism.
  • The GeoPark features outdoor geological trails, interpretive signage, interactive exhibits and a visitor centre to explain Kuwait’s Earth history and biodiversity.
  • The park includes diverse rock formations, important fossil sites, an Interactive Mineral Garden, educational trails, guided nature walks, workshops and sand injectite ground-surface features resembling the landscape of Mars.
  • The site preserves evidence of Neolithic communities and archaeological sites dating back over 10,000 years, including those linked to the ancient Ubaid civilization, and Kuwait's first oil exploration well, Bahra-1, drilled in 1936.
  • The project aligns with New Kuwait 2035 Vision and aims for inclusion in the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network (GGN), with Phase 1 developing 20 square kilometers and Phase 2 expanding to 1,000 square kilometers including planting over 300 native plant species like ghaf and acacia trees.

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EESL selects Araku Valley for India’s largest Geothermal Energy Technology pilot project (Start of November)

Energy Efficiency Services Ltd (EESL) is implementing India’s largest Geothermal Energy Technology (GET) pilot project in Araku Valley, Andhra Pradesh. The project uses earth air tunnel systems and ground source heat…


Delay in French Syntactic Foam Procurement Delays India’s Samudrayaan Mission

  • Samudrayaan consists of a sphere capable of plunging to a depth of 6,000 metres into the ocean.
  • National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), Chennai, leads the Samudrayaan project and has built a steel replica of the submersible as a simulator.
  • Syntactic foam cladding gives the submersible buoyancy and allows it to float.
  • Syntactic foam is developed in France and being tested in Norway.
  • Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is making two titanium hulls for NIOT.
  • Final titanium hull will be tested in Russia for pressure at 6,000 metres.
  • Mission aims to collect soil and rock samples pivotal to India’s plans to mine precious metals from the high seas.

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India-Japan Maritime Exercise JAIMEX-25 held west of Kyushu (End of October)

Exercise name: Japan-India Maritime Exercise (JAIMEX-25); participants: Indian Navy's INS Sahyadri and Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force ships Asahi, Oumi, and Submarine Jinryu Sea phase location: west of Kyushu; harbour…

Indian Navy Launches Third Diving Support Craft DSC A 22 Under Make in India (Mid of September)

The Indian Navy launched ‘DSC A 22’, the third vessel in a series of five Diving Support Craft (DSC). The vessels are being built under contract with M/s Titagarh Rail Systems Ltd (TRSL), Kolkata, with the contract…


National Maritime Research Institute (NMRI) Robots Unearth 10,000-Year-Old Pottery in Lake Biwa

  • Robotic sensors discovered a nearly intact pottery vessel more than 10,000 years old resting upright in the silt near Tsuzuraozaki underwater ruins.
  • The vessel measures about 25 centimeters tall with a tapering pointed base and engraved motifs characteristic of early Jomon craft traditions.
  • Specialists attribute the vessel to either the Jinguji-style or the Konami Upper-layer tradition between 11,000 and 10,500 years ago.
  • The survey used a next-generation 3-D scanning system with four synchronized cameras at 64 meters deep.
  • NMRI transformed deep-sea robotics including AUVs with high-resolution sonar into tools for inland archaeology.
  • Lake Biwa’s deep basins create still pockets with minimal sediment accumulation while tectonic activity keeps the lakebed exposed preserving objects.

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Remote Kutch Village Identified as Potential Test Bed for Mars Mission Due to Jarosite Discovery (Start of September)

Researchers confirm the presence of jarosite, a yellow, iron-rich sulphate mineral, similar to what was discovered on Mars a couple of decades ago. The jarosite deposit site is in Matanomadh village, located nearly 100…

Archaeologist Ravi Korisettar selected for Rajyotsava Award (Start of November)

Veteran archaeologist from Dharwad Ravindra Korisettar has been selected for the Rajyotsava Award. Prof. Korisettar is a UGC Emeritus Fellow in the Department of History and Archaeology in Karnatak University of Dharwad.

University of Hawai‘i researcher names new deep-sea coral species Iridogorgia chewbacca (End of September)

Discovery: new species formally named Iridogorgia chewbacca, distinguished by "shaggy, flexible branches" unique within the otherwise rigid-branched Iridogorgia genus. Researcher/Institution: discovered by University of…

New Coelacanth Species, Whiteia anniae, Discovered in Early Triassic of China (End of October)

A new species of coelacanth, *Whiteia anniae* sp. nov., has been discovered. The discovery is based on two specimens (Holotype CHU 2016 and Paratype CHU 2017) from the late Smithian (~249 Ma) marine deposits in…


Pakistan and Egypt agree to deepen ties in economic, commercial, cultural and defence sectors

  • Pakistan and Egypt agreed to deepen ties in economic, commercial, cultural and defence sectors after years of stagnant relationship.
  • Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty held discussions with Pakistani counterpart Ishaq Dar on conflicts in Gaza and Sudan, the dispute over the Iranian nuclear programme and ways to boost economic cooperation.
  • Pakistan-Egypt Joint Ministerial Commission had not met since 2010.
  • The two countries agreed to hold bilateral political consultations in the first quarter of 2026.
  • Egypt offered to share experiences to tackle terrorism and stands in full solidarity with Pakistan in the fight against terrorism and violent extremism.
  • Egypt aims to elevate bilateral relationship to the strategic level.

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India-Canada agree to restart bilateral dialogue on trade, defence, critical minerals (End of September)

Officials agreed to reactivate bilateral dialogue mechanisms across trade, defence, energy, civil nuclear, security, critical minerals, space, science & technology, and agriculture Progress noted since June 2025 includes…

India-Israel sign MoU on defence cooperation during 17th JWG meeting in Tel Aviv (Start of November)

MoU signed during 17th Joint Working Group (JWG) on defence cooperation co-chaired by Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh and Director General of Israeli Ministry of Defense Maj Gen (Res) Amir Baram in Tel Aviv MoU…

India, Israel ink pact on defence cooperation during 17th JWG meeting (Start of November)

India and Israel Tuesday signed a pact on defence cooperation. The MoU was signed during the 17th meeting of Joint Working Group (JWG) on defence cooperation.


India B (Manipur) beats Colombia 8-5 to win the 15th Manipur Polo International Tournament

  • India B (Manipur) clinched a spectacular victory over Colombia with a score of 8–5 in the final.
  • The championship match was held at the Imphal Polo Ground.
  • The Imphal polo ground, also known as Mapal Kangjeibung, is widely known as one of the oldest polo grounds in the world.
  • The winning team, India B (Manipur), was awarded a cash prize of Rs 2 lakh, while team Colombia took home a prize money of Rs 1.5 lakh.

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Renewed Suspension of Operations (SoO) Pact with Kuki-Zo Groups: Key Provisions (Start of September)

Scheme/Policy Name: Tripartite Suspension of Operations (SoO) agreement renewed for one year between Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), Government of Manipur, Kuki National Organisation (KNO) and United People's Front (UPF)…

Punjab’s Namitbir Singh Walia becomes International Master after 3rd Annemasse International Masters Tournament (End of October)

Namitbir Singh Walia secured the fourth overall position at the 3rd Annemasse International Masters Tournament in France. He is the second player from Punjab to earn the International Master title, after Dushyant Sharma.

Justice M Sundar Appointed as New Chief Justice of Manipur High Court (Mid of September)

Justice M Sundar, senior judge of the Madras High Court, appointed as the next Chief Justice of the Manipur High Court. He will take charge after the retirement of the present Chief Justice, Justice Kempaiah Somashekar…

GI-tagged Sirarakhong chilli festival returns to Ukhrul from Sept 16 with 500 growers (Mid of September)

The 14th Sirarakhong Hathei (Chilli) Festival will be held from September 16 to 18 at Sirarakhong village in Ukhrul district. Governor Ajay Kumar Bhalla will be the chief guest of the inaugural function.


Turkey's Baykar Kizilelma unmanned aircraft downs jet-powered aerial target using Gokdogan missile

  • Turkey's Kizilelma aircraft, developed by Baykar, achieved a historic milestone by accurately targeting a jet-powered drone with a Gokdogan missile.
  • The test was guided by radar information during trials in the Sinop firing area.
  • The Kizilelma flew with five F-15 fighter jets from Merzifon’s 5th Main Jet Base as the launched Gokdogan missile directly hit the target drone.
  • Baykar conducted the pilot test on 30 November.
  • Kizilelma features Aselsan's Murad Aesa radar with a Beyond Visual Range air-to-air Gokdogan missile.
  • The Bayraktar Kizilelma is a single-engine, low-observable, carrier-capable aircraft developed as part of Turkish Muharip İnsansız Uçak Sistemi (MIUS) project.
  • Kizilelma is equipped with low radar cross-section and advanced sensors.
  • Planned variants include Kizilelma B and Kizilelma C, with the latter having a twin-engined configuration.
  • It is one of the two Turkish jet-powered stealth UCAVs, along with TAI Anka-3.
  • As many as 6 prototypes of the multirole stealth unmanned combat aerial vehicle have been built.

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U.S. Military Incident Off Yemen Coast Involves UAP and Hellfire Missile (Mid of September)

A newly released video captured by a U.S. reaper drone shows a glowing orb off the coast of Yemen. Then in the video, a Hellfire missile suddenly struck the unidentified object and bounced off it.

India’s TPCR-2025 outlines 15-year roadmap for nuclear deterrence and drone warfare tech (Start of September)

Technology Perspective and Capability Roadmap (TPCR-2025) is a 15-year blueprint for military preparedness focused on nuclear deterrence and drone warfare capabilities. Army requirement cited for stealth remotely piloted…


Centre relaxes Protected Area Permit (PAP) Regime in Nagaland

  • Ministry of Home Affairs relaxed the Protected Area Permit (PAP) regime in Nagaland.
  • The relaxation aims to promote tourism, improve ease of movement and strengthen integration with the rest of the country during the Hornbill Festival.
  • Nagaland government requested lifting of the PAP regime.
  • Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio urged Union Home Minister Amit Shah to relax the PAP regime.

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PM Shri Tourism Helicopter Service Launched in Madhya Pradesh (Start of November)

PM Shri Tourism Helicopter Service was launched in Madhya Pradesh. Chief Minister Mohan Yadav, along with Union Aviation Minister Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu, flagged off the service.

The government of Nagaland has announced a formal partnership with the British Council, designating the UK as the country partner for the 2025 Hornbill Festival. The agreement was signed by Nagaland chief minister…

Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Rules Ready for Publication (End of September)

The Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) rules are ready and will be published in the next 10 days IT Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw confirmed the rules will be released by September 28


56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) from November 20 to 28 themed 'Creativity & Technology'

  • The 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) is held in Goa.
  • The 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) runs from November 20 to 28.
  • The theme of the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) is 'Creativity & Technology'.
  • Japan is the country of focus at the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI).
  • For the first time, a grand opening float parade takes place at the 56th International Film Festival of India (IFFI) on November 20.

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India participates in 4th Coast Guard Global Summit in Rome, eyes 2027 presidency bid (Mid of September)

A two-member Indian Coast Guard (ICG) delegation, led by Director General Paramesh Sivamani, is participating in the 4th Coast Guard Global Summit (CGGS). The summit is being held in Rome, Italy, from September 11–12.

Infibeam Avenues Subsidiary Gets IFSCA Nod for Payment Services at GIFT-IFSC (End of October)

Infibeam Avenues' subsidiary, IA Fintech IFSC, has secured in-principle approval from the International Financial Services Centres Authority (IFSCA) to operate as a Payment Service Provider (PSP) within Gujarat…


Uttar Pradesh Tops Most-Visited States Ranking by Domestic Tourist Arrivals in India 2024-25

  • India recorded 2,948.19 million domestic tourist visits in 2024.
  • Uttar Pradesh hosted 646.81 million domestic tourists, accounting for 21.94% of the national share.
  • Top five most-visited states accounted for 60.38 per cent of total domestic tourist visits.
  • Top 10 states by domestic tourist arrivals: 1. Uttar Pradesh (646.8M), 2. Tamil Nadu (306.8M), 3. Karnataka (304.6M), 4. Andhra Pradesh (290.3M), 5. Rajasthan (230.1M), 6. Gujarat (184.0M), 7. Maharashtra (189.4M), 8. West Bengal (184.5M), 9. Madhya Pradesh (133.2M), 10. Himachal Pradesh (18.0M).

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India's FDI Landscape: Inflows, Outflows, and Sectoral Shifts Highlight Systemic Lacunae (Start of September)

Gross FDI inflows reached $81 billion in FY 2024-25, an increase of 13.7% from the previous year. FDI inflows fell to $71 billion in FY 2023-24 after peaking in FY 2021-22, before recovering slightly.

UN Tourism announces 52 new ‘World’s Best Tourism Villages 2025’ (End of October)

The Best Tourism Villages initiative was launched in 2021 under the UN Tourism for Rural Development Programme. Villages are evaluated under nine categories: cultural and natural resources, economic stability, promotion…

Modi Govt’s Tourism Boost Vision 2029: Development of 50 World-Class Destinations (End of October)

The Government of India has unveiled an ambitious plan to develop 50 new destinations of global standards by 2029. The vision is to create world-class experiences that reflect India’s rich heritage, diverse landscapes…


Dr Jitendra Singh Launches Indigenous Hansa-3 NG Trainer Aircraft at CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories (CSIR-NAL)

  • CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories (CSIR-NAL) developed the Hansa-3 NG as India's first all-composite airframe two-seater trainer aircraft for PPL and CPL training.
  • Industry partner M/s Pioneer Clean Amps is setting up a facility at Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, to produce up to 100 Hansa-3 NG aircraft annually.
  • CSIR-NAL is developing the 19-seater SARAS Mk-2 Light Transport Aircraft with pressurised cabin, digital avionics, glass cockpit, autopilot, and command-by-wire flight controls.
  • Dr Jitendra Singh inaugurated the Iron Bird Facility for SARAS Mk-2 for full-system integration and ground testing of aircraft subsystems.
  • CSIR-NAL inaugurated a manufacturing facility for High Altitude Platforms (HAPs), solar-powered unmanned aircraft capable of flying above 20 km altitude.
  • CSIR-NAL's subscale HAP vehicle achieved 7.5 km altitude and over 10 hours endurance, with full-scale flight to 20 km targeted for 2027.
  • CSIR-NAL collaborated with M/s Solar Defence & Aerospace Ltd for 150-kg class Loitering Munition UAV powered by NAL’s certified Wankel engine.
  • The Loitering Munition UAV features 900 km range, 6–9 hours endurance, 5 km service ceiling, GPS-denied navigation, low radar cross-section, and AI-enabled target identification.

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ISRO Chairman V. Narayanan Inaugurates Ananth Technologies' Centre of Excellence in Navigation

  • Private companies entering work of building navigation systems for spacecraft and defence supports Viksit Bharat 2047.
  • Navigation systems are highly complex and critical which ISRO alone could not develop.
  • Ananth Technologies has entered navigation field in Thiruvananthapuram.
  • Ananth Technologies works closely with ISRO, DRDO, and BrahMos.
  • Centre of Excellence in Navigation aims to achieve full strategic autonomy for India in Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) technologies.
  • India has been heavily reliant on imported navigation technology for space missions and missile and defence systems.
  • Gaganyaan mission has completed 8,000 tests including propulsion hot tests, simulations, structural tests, and acoustic tests.
  • Gaganyaan in final stages of software development and simulation with 2027 target and three unmanned missions before manned.
  • ISRO to launch first private PSLV-N1 in this financial year.
  • ISRO preparing for BlueBird mission.

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Great Nicobar Project: Key Features and Strategic Importance (Mid of September)

Name: Great Nicobar Project; spear-headed by NITI Aayog with ANIIDCO (Andaman and Nicobar Islands Integrated Development Corporation). Objective: Build an International Container Transshipment Terminal (deep-sea port at…

UDAN Scheme Extended Beyond April 2027: 649 Routes Operationalised (End of October)

Scheme Name: UDAN (Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik); Launch: October 21, 2016; first flight 27 April 2017 Objective: Regional air connectivity; 649 routes operationalised connecting 93 unserved/underserved airports, 15 heliports…


InDApp to streamline ease of doing business for MSMEs

  • NIRDC, an autonomous not-for-profit institution under the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), launched InDApp.
  • InDApp is designed as a single-window system to accelerate access to government approvals, real-time market information and business opportunities across the country.
  • InDApp integrates physical outreach with digital services for entrepreneurs across sectors and geographies to access information on industrial opportunities, export schemes, financial subsidies and technology upgrades.
  • InDApp has been developed in coordination with seven Union Ministries — Food Processing Industries; Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying; Agriculture and Farmers Welfare; Commerce and Industry; Environment, Forest and Climate Change; Corporate Affairs; and New and Renewable Energy.
  • Target beneficiaries are micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs).

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India releases two landmark AI reports at 'Road to India AI Impact Summit 2026' (Mid of September)

Two reports released: 'Roadmap for AI for Viksit Bharat – An Opportunity for Accelerated Economic Growth' and the 'NITI Frontier Tech Repository' Released by Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, Railways/Electronics & IT…


Bank of India and State Bank of India (SBI) sign MoU to establish Centre of Excellence for Strategic Leadership in Project Financing Across India

  • Bank of India and State Bank of India (SBI) collaborate on co-financing, capacity building, and co-branded initiatives.
  • The MoU provides a framework for the two banks to collaborate on multiple fronts.
  • The partnership addresses structured project financing in infrastructure, energy, and industrial development sectors.
  • State Bank of India (SBI) offers retail banking, corporate banking, treasury operations, and international banking.
  • Bank of India focuses on corporate banking, project financing, and trade services.

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DPIIT–CarDekho MoU to Accelerate Mobility & Fintech Startups (Mid of September)

MoU signed between Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and CarDekho Group to strengthen DPIIT-recognised startups in mobility, fintech, insurtech, and…


International Union for the Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP) receives 2025 United Nations Population Award

  • United Nations Population Fund India (UNFPA India) honored International Union for the Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP) for receipt of the 2025 United Nations Population Award during the 46th Annual Conference of the Indian Association for the Study of Population.
  • Shireen Jejeebhoy is President of IUSSP.
  • Andrea M Wojnar is Representative of UNFPA India.
  • The conference theme is 'People, Planet, Prosperity.'

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Union Minister Highlights Women and Youth as Architects of Viksit Bharat (Start of November)

The initiative/vision discussed is Viksit Bharat (Developed India). Women and Youth are called the architects of Viksit Bharat.

PDUNASS Team receives two Bhavishya Nidhi Awards 2025 for capacity-building and RGDE initiative (Start of November)

Shri Kumar Rohit, Director, PDUNASS, jointly received the award for 'Best Achievement in Capacity Building' and 'Special Initiative – Reimagining Governance: Discourse for Excellence (RGDE)' Shri Uttam Prakash, RPFC-I…


Praveen Kumar takes additional charge as Director General of Border Security Force (BSF)

  • Praveen Kumar has taken additional charge of BSF Director General following the retirement of Daljit Singh Chawdhary.
  • Daljit Singh Chawdhary handed over the responsibilities to Praveen Kumar at a BSF camp in Chhattisgarh’s Raipur.
  • Praveen Kumar is the 35th Director General of Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP).
  • Daljit Singh Chawdhary is a 1990-batch IPS officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre.
  • Praveen Kumar is a 1993-batch officer of West Bengal cadre.
  • Daljit Singh Chawdhary took charge as BSF Director General in August 2024.

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Praveer Ranjan and Praveen Kumar appointed as DGs of CISF and ITBP (End of September)

Praveer Ranjan, a 1993-batch IPS officer of AGMUT cadre, was appointed as the Director General (DG) of the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF). Praveer Ranjan was presently working as Special DG, CISF before his…

Shri Sanjay Garg, IAS assumes charge as Director General of BIS (Start of November)

Shri Sanjay Garg, a senior civil servant of IAS-1994 batch from the Kerala cadre, has assumed charge as the Director General of the Bureau of Indian Standards, the National Standards Body of India, with effect from 1…


Belgium defeats India to win Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2025

  • Belgium clinched the Sultan Azlan Shah Cup 2025 by defeating India 1-0 in the final.
  • Thibeau Stockbroekx scored the decisive goal in the 34th minute.
  • The final was held in Malaysia.
  • Belgium won its maiden Sultan Azlan Shah title on its second appearance in the tournament.

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India wins Asia Cup Hockey title in 2025 (Start of September)

India secured their first Asia Cup title in 8 years. The sport discipline is Hockey, as indicated by the team's participation in the "Hockey Pro League".

Indian football team wins bronze medal at CAFA Nations Cup 2025 (Start of September)

The event was the CAFA Nations Cup 2025. The Indian football team won a bronze medal.


Jason Gunawan defeats Srikanth Kidambi to win 2025 Syed Modi International Men’s Singles

  • 🇭🇰 Jason Gunawan won the Men’s Singles by defeating 🇮🇳 Srikanth Kidambi 21–16, 8–21, 22–20.
  • 🇯🇵 Hina Akechi won the Women’s Singles by defeating 🇹🇷 Neslihan Arın 21–16, 21–14.
  • 🇲🇾 Kang Khai Xing and 🇲🇾 Aaron Tai won the Men’s Doubles by defeating 🇲🇾 Chia Wei Jie and 🇲🇾 Lwi Sheng Hao 21–9, 21–19.
  • 🇮🇳 Treesa Jolly and 🇮🇳 Gayatri Gopichand Pullela won the Women’s Doubles by defeating 🇯🇵 Kaho Osawa and 🇯🇵 Mai Tanabe 17–21, 21–13, 21–15.
  • 🇮🇩 Dejan Ferdinansyah and 🇮🇩 Bernadine Anindya Wardana won the Mixed Doubles by defeating 🇹🇭 Pakkapon Teeraratsakul and 🇹🇭 Sapsiree Taerattanachai 21–19, 21–16.
  • The tournament was held at the Babu Banarasi Das U.P. Badminton Academy in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Emerging Science, Technology and Innovation Conclave (ESTIC) to be held in November, potentially replacing Science Congress (Start of September)

The Department of Science and Technology (DST) is set to organise the first-ever Emerging Science, Technology and Innovation Conclave (ESTIC) in November. ESTIC may ‘replace’ the Indian Science Congress, the oldest…

Live Updates: PM Narendra Modi arrives in Indore; to launch 'Ek Bagiya Maa Ke Naam' (Mid of September)

Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrived in Indore and is scheduled to proceed by helicopter to Dhar district in Madhya Pradesh for his 75th birthday celebration. He will launch the ‘Swasth Nari Sashakt Parivar’ and the 8th…

India-AI Impact Summit 2026 Details Unveiled in New Delhi (End of September)

The 'India-AI Impact Summit 2026' will be held on 19-20 Feb 2026 here. Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology today unveiled the logo and key flagship initiatives for the India-AI Impact Summit 2026 which is…


World AIDS Day on December 1

  • Theme 2025: “Overcoming disruption, transforming the AIDS response,”
  • World AIDS Day is the first global day dedicated to a health issue.
  • World AIDS Day was created by the World Health Organization in 1988.
  • The U.S. has marked World AIDS Day since 1988.
  • President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) was launched in 2003.

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India Celebrates BSF Raising Day Marking Border Security Force Foundation

  • BSF Raising Day is celebrated every year on 1 December.
  • BSF Raising Day marks the foundation of the Border Security Force in 1965.
  • Border Security Force (BSF) is one of the world’s largest border-guarding forces.
  • BSF plays a role in border security, disaster relief, internal security and humanitarian operations.
  • BSF Raising Day honours the courage, sacrifice and duty of personnel guarding India’s borders.

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International Day of Police Cooperation observed on 7 September 2025 (Start of September)

The third International Day of Police Cooperation is observed on 7 September 2025. The 2025 theme highlights responsible use of artificial intelligence and digital technologies in policing.

"No Kings" National Day of Protest Observed on October 18, 2025 (End of October)

The "No Kings" national day of protest took place on October 18, 2025. People gathered across the country to vent their anger over President Trump's policies in "No Kings" protests.